Research from the Yale School of Medicine highlights the need for more understanding of the effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on older adults with obesity. As this age group, particularly those aged 65 and older, seeks to improve health outcomes and functional ability, there is a growing interest in the benefits of these medications.
Dr. Alissa Chen, an instructor of medicine at Yale, emphasizes that the weight loss goals for older adults often diverge from those of younger individuals. “Their goals are usually aimed at improving outcomes—like being able to walk longer distances without knee pain or getting on the floor to play with their grandchildren,” she states. Many older adults also consider weight loss medications for other health issues, such as heart disease and sleep apnea.
Chen recently authored a systematic review that revealed a significant gap in research regarding the impact of obesity medications on those aged 65 and older. The review indicated that older adults experienced a higher prevalence of gastrointestinal adverse events when taking these drugs. Additionally, the study found that this demographic was more likely to discontinue usage of the medication. This underscores the necessity for larger, more comprehensive studies to inform clinical care for older patients.
Unique Needs of Older Adults in Obesity Treatment
The complexities of treating obesity in older adults are shaped by decades of health history, lifestyle factors, and metabolic changes. Dr. Kasia Lipska, an associate professor of medicine and Chen’s mentor, notes, “Our approach to the treatment of obesity in older adults should be inherently different given that they have different medical needs and goals.” She stresses the importance of understanding the unique risks and vulnerabilities that older adults face, particularly regarding the potential increased risk of falls associated with dehydration from GLP-1 medications.
Chen’s research also aims to center older adults in the discussion of obesity treatment, opening new avenues for investigation. She is currently leading two studies among veterans aged 65 and older who are prescribed GLP-1 medications. The first study will involve interviews with participants at the VA Connecticut Healthcare System (VACHS) before they begin treatment. This will help gather data on their quality of life, encompassing aspects like physical function, mood, and pain management. Participants will be surveyed again six months into the study to assess their experiences and outcomes.
In the second study, Chen plans to analyze national Veterans Affairs data to evaluate the real-world weight loss effects of GLP-1 agonists in older adults. “Real-world weight loss often differs from what we see in clinical trials,” she explains. This research aims to provide a clearer picture of expected weight loss, functional improvements, and any unforeseen adverse effects that may arise with these medications.
Chen’s studies are poised to answer critical questions regarding the safety and efficacy of GLP-1 drugs for older adults. Understanding these factors will enhance care for this vulnerable population and ensure that treatment approaches align with their specific health goals.
Ultimately, this research could transform the landscape of obesity treatment for older adults, offering more tailored solutions that consider their unique needs.
