A professor at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock is leading significant efforts to enhance accessibility in the field of cybersecurity. William Cox, an assistant professor of cybersecurity and information technology, draws on his extensive experience as a cyber warfare operator in the U.S. Air Force to address a critical issue in the industry: the barriers faced by blind and low-vision individuals.
Cox’s journey into this realm of research began on campus, where he taught a blind student and encountered significant flaws in current accessibility systems. “I relied on all the tools we’re told to trust when it comes to accessibility and they failed us — failed me,” Cox stated. He observed that while software claimed to be accessible, the reality was starkly different. What took his sighted students just ten minutes to read consumed three to four hours for his blind student. This experience highlighted the vital difference between accessibility and usability, prompting Cox to focus his research on creating more equitable learning and working environments.
Cox’s current work involves improving the usability of cybersecurity software, which often relies heavily on visual elements like charts and color-coded alerts. Even when software meets formal accessibility standards, these features present interpretation challenges for individuals with visual impairments. To tackle this problem, Cox is developing artificial-intelligence-powered tools designed to evaluate and enhance how software communicates with users who cannot depend on visual input. These innovative tools will scan websites, using AI to identify accessibility gaps from a blind user’s perspective and recommend practical solutions.
In addition to improving industry tools, Cox is also creating classroom technology aimed at helping faculty convert documents and coursework into formats such as real-time audio. This initiative is designed to allow blind and low-vision students to engage with their classes in a manner similar to their sighted peers.
While most existing research in this field concentrates on daily living activities, Cox’s focus is on workforce development within the cybersecurity sector. He aims to empower blind and low-vision individuals to not only access cybersecurity education but also excel in their professional careers. “Many blind individuals have an exceptional ability to absorb, retain, and recall information,” Cox explained. “They often process information in unique ways because they’ve learned to adapt and overcome.”
Cox’s ambitions extend beyond merely establishing a new standard for accessibility in cybersecurity. He also seeks to challenge prevailing stigmas within the industry. He argues that fostering true accessibility will not only benefit individuals but also contribute to a stronger local economy. As Arkansas faces increasing cybersecurity threats, Cox emphasizes the need to enhance the talent pipeline in the state. “People sometimes think, ‘We’re in Arkansas, so who cares about us?’ But that mindset is dangerous,” he warned. Major Arkansas industries, including Walmart and Tyson Foods, are under constant scrutiny, and the state requires robust cybersecurity measures to protect its interests.
As state leaders amplify investments in cybersecurity education and research, Cox recognizes an opportunity to bolster both the security of Arkansas and the career prospects for its residents. By increasing accessibility, he believes the state can enrich its talent pool, ultimately benefiting the local workforce and economy.
Cox’s research turns obstacles into opportunities, positioning Arkansas at the forefront of accessible cybersecurity education. He illustrates that accessibility and innovation are not opposing goals; rather, they are essential components in shaping the future of a rapidly evolving industry. His work charts a course for strengthening the workforce, economy, and digital security in Arkansas, paving the way for a more inclusive and resilient cybersecurity landscape.
